Drug Use in Pregnancy free essay sample

Illicit Drug Use in Pregnancy COM 220 August 1st, 2010 Studies in 2008 have shown that the amount of babies born to drug addicted mothers has almost doubled since 2003. Pregnant mothers have been using drugs during pregnancy for thousands of years without knowing the effects they can have on their unborn baby. Even though some people claim that illicit drugs used by pregnant mothers cause no harm to the fetus, there have been studies that show otherwise. Cocaine has many street names such as crack, blow, snow, and coke. Cocaine is a highly addictive central nervous system stimulant. Cocaine can be injected, smoked, or snorted. It increases the users blood pressure, heart rate, and body temperature. The risks associated with this drug are respiratory failure, seizures, stroke, nausea, heart attacks, and abdominal pain. Sudden death may occur to first time users. When a pregnant woman uses cocaine it crosses through the placenta and circulates through the fetus body. Fetuses eliminate cocaine from their bodies more slowly than adults do. If a mother uses cocaine in the early months of pregnancy it can increase her risks of a miscarriage. When used later in pregnancy, cocaine use can lead to tremors, muscle spasms, feeding difficulties, sleeplessness, nd placental abruption. Other adverse effects on the fetus such as shorter length, smaller head circumference, higher rates of congenital malformations, intestinal abnormalities, and neurobehavioral malfunction can be contributed to cocaine use during pregnancy. In certain rare circumstances perinatal cerebral infraction associated with cocaine use has also been known to happen. Cocaine decreases uterine blood flow and increases maternal blood pressure. When placental abruption occurs it can lead to preterm birth, severe bleeding, and even fetal death. The risks of birth defects increase if the mother has used cocaine frequently during regnancy. Also the more frequent the use of cocaine, the more likely it is that the fetus could have a stroke inside of the mother that can result in brain damage and possibly death. As these children grow older they may have uncontrollable trembling, learning disabilities and may suffer from hyperactivity and attention deficit disorder. However, a study done in 2004 suggests that four-year-olds exposed to cocaine during pregnancy have the same intelligence level as those that were not exposed to cocaine. Studies also suggest that the mothers poor health during pregnancy may have played a role in the fetus health. Heroin is also known as H, smack, and Junk is a very addictive drug. It is processed from morphine. Heroin is injected, snorted, or smoked. Heroin can depress breathing and sudden death can occur. Many users enter states of wakefulness and sleepiness. Users also risk the potential of getting HIV by sharing needles used to inject the drug. Most of the time heroin appears as a brown or white powder or as a sticky black substance. It crosses through the placenta into the baby. Heroin is so addictive it can make the baby pregnancy related problems in both the mother and the baby. Some of these risks are pre-mature rupture of the membranes, stillbirth, pre-mature birth, and poor fetal growth. If a dependent mother decides to stop taking it suddenly, her fetus can die. This is what a premature baby looks like. The baby is very small and frail. These babies can spend weeks or even months in the hospital. Many premature babies end up with long-term developmental disabilities. (BabyElan, 2010). Heroin use during pregnancy can cause many side effects to a newborn baby. Within three days after birth babies show symptoms of trembling, irritability, fever, vomiting, and seizures. Withdrawal symptoms include diarrhea, fever, convulsions, and Joint stiffness. The baby has a higher risk of getting SIDS (Sudden Infant Death Syndrome) too. Babies can also have low blood sugar, breathing difficulties, and bleeding in the brain that can cause death. It is unclear whether heroin is the cause for all of these problems in babies or not. More studies need to be done. People may mix different types of substances with the heroin that may contribute to birth defects. Speed, crank, meth, chalk, ice, glass, and crystal meth are names commonly used for methamphetamines. Methamphetamines are a very addictive stimulant. The drug is very toxic to nerve terminals in the central nervous system. It can cause irregular heartbeat, rapid heart rate, increased body temperature, and high blood pressure. If methamphetamines are used chronically and over a long period of time the user can have violent behavior, insomnia, confusion, severe dental problems, mood disturbances, and anxiety. Meth is an odorless, white, bitter tasting powder that can be taken orally, injected, or snorted. It can also be heated up into a rock crystal that can be smoked. Users have a higher chance of contracting hepatitis and HIV/AIDS because of the addicts sharing needles. Methamphetamines and amphetamines are chemically related and cause the mother and babies heart rate to increase. Ecstasy is also classified in this group of drugs. These types of drugs can be taken as a pill, snorted, smoked through a glass pipe, or injected intravenously. When a person uses this drug he or she can experience rapid breathing, euphoria, decreased appetite, irritability, hyperactivity, and insomnia. The drugs can also lead to hyperthermia (overheating of the body), cardiovascular problems, and fatal convulsions. None of these effects are healthy for an unborn fetus. Methamphetamine use during regnancy can have some of the same results as cocaine use. Such complications include less oxygen getting to the baby that can lead to a small baby. Other complications include miscarriage, placenta abruption, and premature labor. Babies born addicted to methamphetamines can go through withdrawals that include muscle spasms, feeding difficulties, tremors, and sleeplessness. During the phase of withdrawals the baby may become Jittery, have breathing problems, rub their head back and forth on the bed, or experience breathing problems. Some experts believe that a child whose mother used methamphetamines during pregnancy may have earning disabilities as they get older. Other birth defects such as a cleft lip/palate, club foot, or heart defects may be associated with these drugs. High doses of the drug may cause the babys blood pressure to rise to a point to in which they could have a stroke or a brain hemorrhage before he or she is born. Babies may also (Gastroschisis is the term that refers to a baby whose intestines are on the outside or their body). However, there have not been a large amount of studies done on human patients who consume these drugs during pregnancy. Here is photo of a baby that was born with a cleft palate. This is one of the negative effects of a mother using methamphetamines during pregnancy. (Theo, Dawno; 2010). This next picture is an example of a club foot. This is another deformity that a child can have when his or her mother uses methamphetamine during her pregnancy. cannelli, Vincent, M. D. , 2010). Marijuana has many slang names such as pot, weed, ganja, grass, and reefer. Marijuana is normally smoked in a Joint or in a pipe. It can also be brewed into tea or mixed into food. Marijuana can cause impaired coordination, distorted perceptions, problems with learning and memory, and distorted perceptions. Chronic use can ause depression, suicidal ideation, schizophrenia, and increased rates of anxiety. Marijuana smoke contains toxins that prevent the baby from getting proper supply of oxygen that he or she needs to grow. Marijuana smoke increases the levels of carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide in the blood, which can also cause poor oxygen levels to get to the fetus. Some studies suggest that marijuana use during pregnancy may decrease pregnancy length and cause pre-term labor. Babies may also have slow fetal growth. The long-term outlook for babies born to mothers who have used excessive amounts of marijuana during pregnancy are that children can have evelopmental delays or problems that affect a childs ability to pay attention. These problems are called ADD (Attention Deficit Disorder) and ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder). A limited number of studies on marijuana use in pregnancy have been done in the past on humans. Some studies are inconclusive because the mother also drinks alcohol and smokes cigarettes. These can contribute to pregnancy and baby issues. PSP, also known as angel dust, and LSD, also known as acid, are other common street drugs. LSD can distort the perceptions of reality and have frightening effects on the user. These trips can last for 12 hours at a time. Users can experience hallucinations, delusions, and sleeplessness, loss of appetite, increased heart rate, blood pressure, and body temperature. These drugs are commonly sold as liquid, absorbent paper, capsules, or liquid. They are both hallucinogens that can make the pregnant mother become violent and hurt herself. If she does hurt herself that could cause harm to her unborn baby. If used frequently LSD can cause birth defects in the fetus. PCP use is known to cause poor muscle control, low birth weight, brain damage, or withdrawal syndrome. Withdrawal symptoms include alternating ith tremors and lethargy. Inhalants are another drug that some may use during pregnancy. Pregnant mothers inhale such things as spray paint, lighter fluid, gas, felt tip markers, glue, vegetable oil sprays, whipped cream aerosols, chloroform, ether, nitrous oxide, fabric protector sprays, and hairspray. Abusers breathe or snort the fumes from these inhalants in. It is also known as huffing. Users may experience slurred speech, dizziness, lightheadedness, delusions, hallucinations, confusion, nausea, and a headache that can last for days. Inhalants deprive the body of oxygen that can be tragic for an unborn fetus. Effects on the fetus ofa pregnant woman that abuses these drugs are kidney problems, small birth weight, and a smaller head. crying for long periods of time, tremors, high-pitched cry, poor sleeping, difficulty feeding, and floppy muscle tone. There is a chance that the baby can develop Toluene Embryopathy Syndrome that can cause mental, behavioral, and physical problems. As these children become older they may have lasting effects such as aggressiveness, hyperactivity, slow physical growth, and delays in speech and thinking skills. This chart shows the higher risks that pertain to each drug and their effects.

The Number One Article on Topics of Abstract Essay

The Number One Article on Topics of Abstract Essay The persuasive paper must offer convincing evidence to back up each argument. Inside my experience, descriptive essays are only difficult in regards to deciding just what things to write about. If you're fighting with your abstracts or essays generally, you can order yourself a custom made essay on your particular topic here. If your grasp of language isn't richly idiomatic, writing abstracts or any other kind of essay can be challenging. Following that, you state your primary argument. You briefly describe what you've found out in the duration of your research and the way your argument was supported (or not). Moreover, here you're able to locate a good example of a digest for created groundwork about watermelons. The author's result of information analyses presented that there's a substantial relationship between independent and dependent variables. Quality and economy are just two of the admirable landmarks which are routinely for ProfEssays.com. Always keep in mind that the success of your research is dependent on it. Before getting to understand how to compose an abstract for a lab file, it is critical that you obtain a grasp of what it is. If you are a newcomer to writing informative essays or simply struggle when it has to do with thinking of informative essay topics, then there's a great chance you may be searching for some help. There are different kinds of cause and effect that someone may take under consideration. If you want a quote for virtually any sort of work then please get in contact with us. However long is left, you can create your remaining moments count. Abstract writing is just one of the crucial processes involved with writing a research paper. Bear in mind an abstract will be the sole portion of your paper which is going to be listed in the bibliographical references. The abstract, on the flip side, is likely a comparatively new endeavor. The very first step is where a significant number of students become stuck. If it's possible to write a really convincing piece on a real-world application utilizing unique facts and research, then your likelihood of receiving admission to a top level university will certainly grow! Specifically, students will need to compose a number of new academic assignments, and stick to some totally new formatting requirements. A student is made to dig in deeper into the information, and here, they've got a chance to grasp the concepts that they've learned and be in a position to apply them to a topic that's realistic. Generally, any sort of research paper presupposes an abstract. Once more, it is critical to be aware that uniqueness is key and sure means of ensuring this essay doesn't become just an ordinary one. Your thesis needs to be relevant so the post can use a structure that's flexible in order to fit in the shoes of the readers. This is mostly because the abstract contains the essential information which could be helpful to your readers. Using Topics of Abstract Essay Make certain you also click Remove Space After Paragraph. Abstracts often arrive with links to the entire article. Opportunely, APA format has the exact requirement. If you want to organize your material with headings, you can select from a variety of unique headers. There's no shortcut on the best way to compose an abstract for a lab report. So without further ado, below are some effective writing tips to produce your common app essay stick out! There are a lot of tricks you may utilize to aid readability and emphasize crucial ideas. The topic has to be interesting, the topic has to be essential and finally the topic has to be informative.

NC State Social History Paper Topics

NC State Social History Paper TopicsSocial History and NC State Paper Topics can be used to enhance the curriculum in NC State. The learning objectives of the University are to prepare students for professional and academic careers. The students at NC State are expected to succeed in their career goals. By using the NC State History Paper Topics, students are introduced to the discipline of studying the historical trends, patterns, and their related issues.The Social History at NC State provides the student with an understanding of the role that the social element has played in the development of any civilization. Social History is essential to understand the present world. Social History at NC State makes the student aware of social customs, architecture, art, religion, economy, and social class as well as all the facets of human life. Reading these topics and watching video is a great way to learn the great works of writers.The Social History at NC State Paper Topics on Colonial No rth Carolina shows the evolution of the regional economy in the seventeenth century. This Paper Topic discusses the economic issues in colonial North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia, Georgia, and Maryland. It contains a large part of the historical materials available on the topic of Colonial North Carolina. The historical topics are explained in several ways.A part of the historic Colonial North Carolina focuses on the city of Raleigh and its relationship with the commercial and business organization of Raleigh. The Paper Topic explains the various issues faced by the merchants and industrialists during this period. A good number of business issues such as coal, rice, timber, clothing, and tobacco are discussed in this Paper Topic.Another important section of the Social History at NC State Paper Topics deals with the native Americans of North Carolina. This Paper Topic discusses the Native American tribes including their social organization, wars, alliances, and treaties. The Na tive American cultural experience and practices are explained in detail in this Paper Topic.The social history of medieval days examines the work and life of a knight. The various life and work aspects are detailed in this Paper Topic.The Social History at NC State Paper Topics is of great use to the student of Humanities. The topics are not just limited to those mentioned above. They cover a variety of topics that are of significance for a student. These Paper Topics is worth reading over again to keep up with the change in society.

Essay Topics For the Next State Class

Essay Topics For the Next State ClassIf you're looking for ways to create an original essay topic, and you're willing to do a little research, then you'll find that you can do quite well using Texas essay topics. In fact, you'll be surprised at the number of options that are available to you. You can use a selection of them, or you can try to create your own with some creativity.There's no real secret to using essay topics created using Texas. Just make sure that you understand exactly what is meant by 'Texas' and why this term is used. Basically, this term refers to the state of Texas, as it is more commonly known. When you have decided on the proper topic for your essay, you can go about filling in the blanks.Most students choose to use essay topics that come from the major subjects covered in the University of Texas at Austin coursework. For example, if you want to use the essays that go with your college courses, then you'll find that these are easily the best topics for this. If you're using topics from your own history or the world around you, you may find that they're not the best topics to use. The choices are not that great when it comes to choice of topics.What can be a better source for essay topics than one of the Texas State University classes? These topics are generally the most widely used, and they're also available to anyone who wants to take the test. If you've got an academic reason for choosing a particular class, you can often choose the topics that apply to it.Because there are so many different classes that would be able to meet your needs, you might find that these Texas University essay topics aren't all that useful. This isn't really too surprising, because you're looking at a massive range of topics. Some of them may have already been taken, or they may be full of outdated information.Since so many of these topics are available, you should check out some of the internet websites that offer essays based on different topics from Texas. These sites will help you find the best possible topics for your particular subject, and they'll often give you a bit of extra advice on which of the topics would be more beneficial for you. They may even be able to provide you with some tips to improve your own topic.If you've got an idea of the topics that will be most suitable for your studies, then it might be time to use one of the Texas essay topics that are available. This will give you the most opportunities to get the words out and to show off your own ability. Since so many students can access this information, you might also be able to learn a lot from it.

An Essay That is Easy to Use

An Essay That is Easy to UseA pie chart essay sample is a good way to begin making a convincing argument for your job application. The advantage of pie charts is that they can be easily tweaked to fit any size organization, however, an essay writer should pay attention to the details. Here are some things to keep in mind as you go through this sample. You should have a clear picture of the organizational chart prior to doing any of the work.Your essay should start with an explanation of the chart, starting with its chronological and then sequential order. If your organization follows a sequential order, that is ok, it is up to you to support the following ideas. It will help if you can indicate the purpose of your organizational chart to make sure that you do not make a mistake.You should give a brief explanation of the organizational chart's purpose and the list of the 'important' individuals that are associated with the chart. There should be a list of organizational members that s hould be included in the pie chart. If they are not, it might cause confusion later on.Once you have established the function of the organizational chart, you can introduce some 'less important' individuals. They will form the supporting cast and people that have been mentioned before in the list. However, you may also include those who would not have had any importance to the organization, but are somehow important to the current employer.Once you have built up the main cast, the next step is to build up the supporting cast and groups that would normally appear in an organizational chart. This can include roles such as store manager, vice president, etc. If you do not wish to go into the details, you can simply include these roles in the main body of the essay.To end your pie chart essay, you can include a closing summary of the main points you want to convey in your essay. This will help to keep everything clear and concise so that it can stand out from other essays out there.This pie chart essay sample is not as straightforward as it may seem. If you feel you need help in assembling this type of essay, you should contact a professional.

Welcome Aboard Case

Difficulties Encountered by Cheryl Lakeland Wonders is a family-owned business that has been in operation for 94 years. In order to attain its vision of business growth and competitive advantage, the firm decided to employ a CEO who is an expert in management.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Welcome Aboard Case specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More However, things did not go as expected because of managers’ resistance to change. Primarily, the new CEO, Cheryl, was encountering difficulties in trying to impose her vision of the company because of lack of support from other managers. In addition, she faced a difficulty of convincing key managers in the company, specifically the senior vice president, Mark, to accept changes in the organisation. The vision that Cheryl had is to outsource production from China for the Lakeland Wonders Company; indeed, she was planning an ambitious and potentially viable business co ntract with Bulls-Eye Stores. However, some senior managers were not interested in that deal in the near future as they wanted to maintain the status quo. Another difficulty that Cheryl encountered involved dealing with the union. This is due to her new bonus plan and strict deadlines policy she introduced; the plan was not received well by the union. Cheryl also faced a challenge of fitting into a team that was closely bonded, both at work and family level. It should be noted that only family members have been operating the Lakeland Wonders Company for as long as it has been in operation.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More It is only after the retirement of the preceding CEO that the company decided to hire a person from outside. Therefore, the close ties existing between family members made them work as the whole, and as such, Cheryl needed to convince all of them that her pl ans were meant for good of the company. Another important thing is that Cheryl always did successful business with the Lakeland even when she was not its employee. In fact, her performance at her previous company, Kids Company, was beyond reproach. Reasons why Cheryl was Encountering Difficulties There are two ways to look at the reasons why Cheryl was encountering difficulties in performing her duties. First, Lakeland Wonders is a wholly family-owned business. Secondly, people working in the company were reluctant to change. Cheryl always wanted to implement her strategies, beginning with the manufacturing strategy, but she had a lot work to do in order to convince the management to accept immediate implementation of the strategy. In most cases, it is often difficult to take control of things in a family-owned business mainly because family members do not want to relinquish their dominance or control to an outsider. This was a lesson that Cheryl learnt when she suggested the manag ement hiring Cecil to take up outsourcing duties; nobody was interested in that idea. Normally, family-owned businesses collapse or fail to grow due to emotional challenges through which they go.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Welcome Aboard Case specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More For instance, one may have great ideas about the growth of the business, but when majority of family members fail to share the same vision, that person lets emotions reign by giving in to the decision of the family. This is the case with Lakeland Wonders, where, despite some managers having had good ideas (for example, the sales manager and marketing manager), they were resigned to follow the decisions of senior members, such as Mark, who was one of the longest serving managers of the company. The main reason behind the difficulties that Cheryl was encountering was reluctance to change. This is emphasized by the statement from the forme r CEO that the company had been in operation for a long time and that Cheryl should have implemented new trends slowly to avoid tearing the company apart. There are various reasons why people show resistance to change, one of them being lack of competence. In case of Lakeland Wonders, it is true that those resisting change are incompetent, based on their response to the manufacturing strategy. For instance, Cheryl stated that Mark, the vice president, did not understand the manufacturing strategy, and that is why he did not stick to it. Additionally, Mark did not tend to know that there were various strategies to venture into international market apart from setting up a plant in foreign land. Another reason why change is resisted is the fear of unknown.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More It was evident in Mark’s opposition to the idea of changing â€Å"made in the USA† slogan as well as his position that that new strategy may have resulted in slowdown or strike. In addition, Cheryl asked herself why the head of manufacturing, design director and procurement manager did not want to venture overseas and into new designs and consolidate vendor accounts accordingly. Sometimes, people show resistance to change because of their strong connections to the old ways. Thus, it was a big challenge for Cheryl as she had to break that bond by demonstrating to the entire team that what she was trying to do was for the future of the company. In Lakeland Wonders, although the managers were not completely opposed to the manufacturing strategy brought about by Cheryl, they were slow to accept its implementation immediately and tended to hold on to what they had been doing all along. Despite these challenges, Cheryl should have not given up but she should have continued p ushing forward her vision. She needed to continue discussing the vision with all the employees in the company in order to convince them that off-show manufacturing had a great potential to promote the prosperity of the company, especially that time when global competition had intensified. This essay on Welcome Aboard Case was written and submitted by user Kellen A. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

5 Terrible Tattoo Typos

5 Terrible Tattoo Typos 5 Terrible Tattoo Typos 5 Terrible Tattoo Typos By Mark Nichol It’s one thing to introduce a spelling or punctuation error when icing a message on a birthday cake or a similar confection such mistakes are easily disposed of but when it comes to getting a tattoo, think before you ink, because it’s difficult to render a correction. These tattoo typos are the responsibility of the tattoo artist, not the human canvases, but if you choose to have words printed on your body, you might want to hand the artist a neatly printed transcription and to monitor the inscription of the tracing draft and revise the draft as necessary. (My daughter, normally the sensible sort except, of course, for the whole tattoo thing was prevented from possible inclusion in this Hall of Shame when her best friend, fortunately in attendance during an inking procedure, pointed out the omission of a letter in a word the artist had preliminarily inscribed on her arm with a pen.) The Internet-o-sphere abounds with images of tattoo tragedies, and it was difficult to pare the possibilities to a manageable number for this post. But here, in order of egregiousness, are the five most boneheaded blunders: No, you’re not. Oh, it’s not a misspelling of handsome? It’s supposed to be awesome. No, you’re not. But you would be if you returned to the tattoo artist and free of charge, of course had a red caret and a matching e inscribed. What an honor is must have been for the person bearing this tattoo to be a bearer of the Oylmpic torch though that’s not as memorable as being a torchbearer for the Olympics. As is probably true in many such cases, she reportedly didn’t know about the error until someone pointed it out to her. Even then, she turned down the tattoo artist’s offer to correct it. She says it’s unique like she is. Yes, that’s one word for it. Um, the biblical verse, as usually translated into English, is, â€Å"Let us eat and drink, for tomorrow we die† the statement elegantly terminates with the key word. This fellow’s artistic license in altering the wording and word order is excusable, but the misspelling of fore not likely a pun on forearm is not. I would have recommended the standard version, broken after drink but â€Å"broken after drink† is probably the reason for the mistake in the first place. This isn’t the only tragedy tattoo typo one can find (and you might be surprised by how many ways tattoo artists can render regret/regrets), but it’s the most prominent and therefore the most tragic. This misbegotten masterpiece wins the prize for sheer spectacle, and for lasting significance. My surmise is that this fellow has a spot in his heart for his alma mater. Unfortunately, there’s no Clemons University it’s Clemson. (I hope he got his money back that looks like a four-figure flub.) Image credits: YTMND.com, BBC.com, HuffingtonPost.com, EnglishFailBlog.org Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the General category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:50 Handy Expressions About Hands50 Nautical Terms in General Useâ€Å"Least,† â€Å"Less,† â€Å"More,† and â€Å"Most†